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上期翻译答案
Nestlé’s figuresexcludeRussia, where it announced last month it would strip its business down to essentials such as infant formula and medical nutrition, suspending major brands such as KitKat and Nesquik following the country’s invasion of Ukraine.
雀巢的涨价不包括俄罗斯地区，在该国入侵乌克兰后，雀巢上个月宣布，将对该地区的业务进行剥离，只保留婴儿配方奶粉和医疗营养等核心必需品，并暂停销售KitKat和Nesquik等主要品牌的产品。
1.strip down: to separate a machine, etc. into parts so that they can be cleaned or repaired
《本期内容》
双语阅读
Electronic signs above US highways that highlight annual trafficfatalitiesare intended to shock people into driving safely, but statisticians warn there is compelling evidence they actually cause accidents. Although the messages are displayed in many US states, Jonathan Hall at the University of Toronto in Canada and his colleagues chose to examine crash data from Texas because the state uses electronic signs for fatality warnings just one week out of each month, providing ample control datafor comparison.
为了让人们提高警惕，注意安全驾驶，美国高速公路上方的电子标识会显示每年交通事故死亡人数，但统计学家提示，已有确信证据表明，这些标识实际上会导致事故发生。尽管美国很多州都会在高速路上显示这些信息，但加拿大多伦多大学的乔纳森•霍尔和他的同事选择研究德克萨斯州的车祸数据，因为该州每个月内只有一周的时间会投放电子警示信号，这为比较研究提供了充足的对照数据。
The researchers compared the number of crashes from the two years before the signs were introduced with five years of data while they were in place. They discovered that displaying a fatality message increased the number of crashes on the 10 kilometres of road after the sign by 4.5 per cent. Their findings suggest fatality messages caused an additional 2600 crashes and 16 deaths per year across Texas.
研究人员比较了采用警示标志之前两年内的车祸数量，以及采用之后五年的数据。他们发现，在显示交通事故身亡信息标志后10公里的路段上车祸数量会增加4.5%。他们的发现表明，车祸身亡信息每年在德克萨斯州会增加2600起车祸及16起死亡。
Hall puts the effect down to distraction and the increase in a driver’s cognitive load while absorbing the information. “You see it and you’re thinking about it, and so you don’t put on your brakes quite as soon, and these little errors, 1 in 50 times, might cause a crash,” he speculates. “The perfect evidence would be a randomised control trial. I want to be clear that we don’t have that. But I think we actually have really, really compelling evidence.”
霍尔把这种影响归结为分心和司机在消化这个信息时认知负荷增加。翻译划线句，长按文末小程序码打卡，答案下期公布~“随机对照试验属于完美的证据。但我想澄清的是，我们没有这种能力。但我认为我们的证据非常、非常有说服力。”
He says that the number of fatalities displayed on a sign also changes its impact as larger numbers are more shocking. In Texas, the state fatality numbers werereseteach year in February and the team saw a big drop in crashes in February compared with January.
他说，随着标志牌上数字的增大，冲击力也在增大，标志牌上的死亡人数数据造成的影响也会变化。在德克萨斯州，每年2月份的死亡人数都会更新，研究小组发现，与1月份相比，2月份的撞车事故数量大幅下降。
Hall says his team has written to all states that show such warning messages and asked them tocollaborate onfurther research, but they have received little positive response. “If you’re going to do a safety campaign, it’s not that hard to say, ‘hey, let’s randomly draw five weeks from the next six months to show this sign, and analyse crashes’. But they haven’t done that, because there’s just apresumptionthat the signs can’t hurt,” he says.
霍尔说，他的团队已经传讯给所有有这一警示标志的州，并请求各州能够配合展开进一步的研究，但是他们几乎没有收到积极的回应。“如果你要开展一场安全运动，不难说出这样的话，‘嘿，让我们在未来六个月的时间里随机抽5周时间展示这个标志，并分析车祸情况’。但他们并没有这样做，因为人们想当然地觉得这些标志没什么大不了的，”他说。
本文节选自：New Scientist（新科学家）
发布时间：2022.04.22
作者：Matthew Sparkes
原文标题：Traffic accident statistics on signs may actually cause more crashes
词汇积累
1.fatality
英 [fəˈtæləti] 美 [feɪˈtæləti]
n. （灾难、事故中的）死亡；致命性；宿命
2.reset
英 [ˌriːˈset] 美 [ˌriːˈset]
v. 调整，重新设置；重新安置，将……恢复原位；重镶，重嵌（宝石）；（电子）复位，还原；重接（断骨）；重新启动（计算机）；清零
n. 重新设定
3.presumption
英 [prɪˈzʌmpʃ(ə)n] 美 [prɪˈzʌmpʃn]
n. 推测，设想；（法律上的）假定，推定；放肆，冒昧
词组搭配
1.for comparison 作为比较
2.collaborate on 在……方面合作
写作句总结
原句：He says that the number of fatalities displayed on a sign also changes its impact as larger numbers are more shocking.
结构：The number of xx also changes its impact as larger numbers are more xx.
例句：The number of birth also changes its impact as larger numbers are more economic.
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